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During the operation of the entire grain steel silo system, the most problematic component is the elevator, especially during vertical transportation, which causes great trouble to the operation of the entire system. The operation of the entire system is still highly dependent on the elevator, so once a problem occurs, it needs to be dealt with immediately. Today we will analyze the five common faults of grain silo elevators and their solutions.
(1) The vertical conveying bucket elevator of the steel plate silo uses the friction torque between the bucket belt and the head wheel drive shaft to lift materials. If the bucket belt tension is insufficient, it will cause the bucket belt to slip. At this time, the machine should be stopped immediately and the tensioning device should be adjusted to tighten the bucket belt. If the tensioning device cannot fully tighten the bucket belt, it means that the stroke of the tensioning device is too short and should be readjusted.
The correct solution is: unfasten the hopper belt joint, adjust the tensioning device on the bottom wheel to the highest position, put the hopper belt in from the head of the elevator, pass through the head wheel and the bottom wheel, and connect the ends to make the hopper belt in a state of tension but not tension. Then fully tension the tensioning device. At this time, the unused tensioning stroke of the adjusting screw of the tensioning device should not be less than 50% of the full stroke.
(2) Overload of the steel plate silo vertical conveying elevator When the elevator is overloaded, the resistance torque increases, causing the hopper belt to slip. At this time, the material feed amount should be reduced, and strive to feed evenly. If the slippage still cannot be improved after reducing the feed amount, it may be that there is too much material accumulation in the machine seat or the hopper is stuck by the guide material. The machine should be stopped for inspection and troubleshooting.
(3) The head wheel drive shaft and the inner surface of the hopper belt are too smooth. The head wheel drive shaft and the inner surface of the hopper belt are too smooth, which reduces the friction between the two and causes the hopper belt to slip. At this time, a layer of glue can be applied to the inner surface of the drive shaft and the hopper belt to increase friction.
(4) The head wheel and bottom wheel bearings are not rotating properly. The head wheel and bottom wheel bearings are not rotating properly, and the resistance torque increases, causing the hopper belt to slip. At this time, the bearings can be disassembled, cleaned, refueled or replaced.
(1) The drive shafts of the head wheel and bottom wheel are not installed correctly. The drive shafts of the head wheel and bottom wheel are not installed correctly. The main manifestations of the following aspects are: First, the drive shafts of the head wheel and bottom wheel are in the same vertical plane and are not parallel; second, the two drive shafts are installed in a horizontal position and are not in the same vertical plane; third, the two drive shafts are parallel, in the same vertical plane and are not horizontal. At this time, the hopper belt deviates, which is easy to cause the hopper to collide with the barrel and the hopper belt to tear. The machine should be stopped immediately to eliminate the fault. Ensure that the drive shafts of the head wheel and bottom wheel are installed in the same vertical plane and are in a horizontal position. The vertical deviation of the center line of the whole machine at a height of 1000mm does not exceed 2mm, and the accumulated deviation does not exceed 8mm.
(2) The hopper belt joint is not straight. The hopper belt joint is not straight. After the hopper belt is connected, the edge line of the hopper belt is not in the same straight line. During operation, the hopper belt is tight on one side and loose on the other side, causing the hopper belt to move sideways to the tight side, resulting in deviation, resulting in insufficient hopper material, unclean discharge, increased return material, and reduced productivity. In severe cases, the hopper belt is stuck and torn. At this time, the machine should be stopped, the joint should be corrected and connected.
The return material of the steel plate silo vertical conveyor elevator refers to the phenomenon that the material is not completely discharged from the machine at the unloading position, and some of the material returns to the elevator base. In the lifting operation, if the elevator returns too much, it will inevitably reduce production efficiency, increase power consumption and material crushing rate. The reasons for excessive material return are as follows:
(1) The hopper runs too fast. The hopper runs at different speeds when lifting different materials: generally, the speed is about 1~2m/s when lifting dry powder and granular materials; the speed is 0.4~0.6m/s when lifting block materials; the speed is 0.6~0.8m/s when lifting wet powder and granular materials. The speed is too high, the material is discharged in advance, and the material return is caused. At this time, the speed of the hopper should be appropriately reduced according to the material being lifted to avoid material return.
(2) The unloading tongue plate at the outlet of the machine head is not installed properly. The tongue plate is too far away from the hopper unloading position, which will cause material return. The tongue plate position should be adjusted in time to avoid material return.
Hopper falling off refers to the phenomenon that the hopper falls off the hopper belt during production. When the hopper falls off, an abnormal sound will be generated. The machine should be stopped and checked in time. Otherwise, more hoppers will be deformed and fall off; the hopper belt will tear at the position where the hopper is connected. The main reasons for the hopper to fall off are.
(1) Overfeeding Overfeeding causes the material to accumulate in the machine base, increasing the lifting resistance and causing the hopper to run poorly, which is the direct cause of the hopper falling off and deformation. At this time, the machine should be stopped immediately, the plug plate under the machine base should be pulled out, the accumulated materials in the machine base should be discharged, a new hopper should be replaced, and then production should be started. At this time, the feeding amount should be reduced and strive for uniformity.
(2) The feed port is too low. Generally, when the elevator is in production, the hopper will automatically take the material coming in from the feed port. If the feed port is too low, the hopper will not have time to take the material, and most of the material will enter the machine base, causing the hopper to scoop the material. If the material is in block form, it is easy to cause the hopper to deform and fall off. At this time, the feed port position should be adjusted to above the center line of the bottom wheel.
(3) The hopper material is not good and the strength is limited. The hopper is the load-bearing component of the elevator, and has high requirements for its material. When installing, try to select materials with good strength. Generally, the hopper is welded or stamped with ordinary steel plates or galvanized plates, and its edges are folded or rolled with lead wire to enhance the strength of the hopper.
(4) The accumulated materials in the machine base are not cleared when the machine is turned on. In production, there are often sudden power outages or other reasons that cause the machine to shut down. If the accumulated materials in the machine base are not cleared when the machine is turned on again, it is easy to cause the hopper to break and fall off due to excessive impact. Therefore, between shutting down and starting up, clear the accumulated materials in the machine base. Physics to prevent the hopper from falling off. In addition, regularly check whether the connection between the hopper and the hopper belt is firm. If the screws are loose, falling off, and the hopper is skewed or damaged, they should be repaired or replaced in time to prevent greater accidents.
The bucket belt of the hoist is usually a canvas belt, and sometimes tape and chain are also used. Under the combined effect of various faults, the canvas belt and tape are prone to tearing, which is one of the serious faults. Generally, the deviation of the hopper belt and the hopper falling off process can easily cause the hopper to tear. The cause should be found out in time and the fault should be eliminated. In addition, foreign objects with sharp edges mixed in the material will also scratch the hopper belt. Therefore, in production, a wire mesh or magnet should be installed at the feed port to prevent large foreign objects from falling into the machine base.
The above are the five major faults that often occur in grain steel silo elevators and their solutions. I hope it will be helpful to everyone when using grain silos in the future.
Written by
Shandong Shelley Grain Steel Silo Co., Ltd
Editor Jin
www.grainstoragesilos.com
WhatsApp : +86-18653877118
Email : shelley@cnshelley.com
